可燃液体常压储罐完整性管理风险辨识及改进路径探析
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刘承伟
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天津保泰安全技术服务有限公司, 天津，300000
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摘要：可燃液体常压储罐是化工行业储存危险化学品的核心设备，其完整性失效易引发火灾、爆炸、介质泄漏等重大安全事故，直接威胁企业生产安全与生态环境。针对当前储罐完整性管理中风险辨识不系统、管控措施脱节、信息化水平低、管理机制不健全等行业痛点，本文基于储罐全生命周期运行规律，从设备本体、安全附件、工艺操作、环境因素、管理体系五个维度构建全面的风险辨识体系，采用风险矩阵法与故障类型和影响分析（FMEA）相结合的方法实现风险量化评估与优先级排序。在此基础上，从技术防控、管理优化、信息化赋能三个层面提出系统性改进路径，形成全流程、闭环式的储罐完整性管理模式。研究结果可为化工企业提升可燃液体常压储罐完整性管理水平、防范化解重大安全风险提供科学的理论支撑与实用的实践参考。
关健词：可燃液体；常压储罐；完整性管理；风险辨识；安全管控
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Risk Identification and Improvement Path Analysis of Integrity Management for Atmospheric Storage Tanks of Flammable Liquids
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Chengwei Liu
Tianjin Baotai Safety Technology Service Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300000, China
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Abstract: Atmospheric storage tanks for flammable liquids are core equipment for storing hazardous chemicals in the chemical industry. Failure of tank integrity can easily lead to major safety accidents such as fires, explosions and medium leakage, which directly threaten the production safety of enterprises and the ecological environment. Aiming at the industry pain points in current tank integrity management, including unsystematic risk identification, disconnected control measures, low informatization level and imperfect management mechanisms, this paper constructs a comprehensive risk identification system from five dimensions—equipment body, safety accessories, process operation, environmental factors and management system—based on the full life cycle operation law of storage tanks. A combination of risk matrix method and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is adopted to realize quantitative risk assessment and priority ranking. On this basis, systematic improvement paths are proposed from three levels: technical prevention and control, management optimization and informatization empowerment, forming a full-process, closed-loop tank integrity management model. The research results can provide scientific theoretical support and practical references for chemical enterprises to improve the integrity management level of atmospheric storage tanks of flammable liquids and prevent and resolve major safety risks.
Keywords : flammable liquids; atmospheric storage tanks; integrity management; risk identification; safety control
参考文献
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